Guest Mode Sign Up
⚙️ Advanced
All Content
Research Papers
Policy Docs
Species Data
Recent (2020+)
Caribbean Focus

Search Results

81 results for "invasive species control" (3737ms)
pdf

198X African Locusts Caribbean Threat and Agricultural Impacts DailyNews

...investigation as to the extent A specimen of the insect at the across from Africa." | of the infestation,” said a Pest Control office of the Depart- They have also been sighted on i e = 2 the neighboring island of Car- riacou. Agricultural officials in Dominica are studying the insects to determine their origin. e Harbinger % £ of a new v News b3 plague? 5 < 2 & o By ABU BAKR = 5 21,19 Daily News Staft y 3 | The locust. sitting on a patch of grass at Red Hook on St. v Thomas, wasn’t your. ordinary grasshopper. The speckled wing covers, the =5 salmon-pink legs and its size — & David Nellis on alert. more than 3-inches long — put i T Nellis, Planning and Natural t % ! Resources’ fish and wildlife 27 chief, approached cautiously PO and caught the insect, believed to be an African species that caused billions of dollars in crop damage on that continent. “This locust is part of the swarm that has come up through the Eastern Caribbe- 51 an,” Nellis said I had heard the reports and I recognized the insect as dif- ferent from the species of %z i o) &...
pdf

Document 64913530

...the insertion of a reinforced concrete ring- beam to be set in the top of the walls. Obviously Parham Church needs a very large sum of money spent of its repair and restoration, and it is difficult to see how the parish or the government could provide this without recourse to an outside foundation. However, the building is of such importance that every effort should be made to secure funds for its repair. St John's Cathedral Constructed only a few years after Parham Church, this is an interesting building whose western towers have a distinctively baroque flavour. The complete timber interior of pitch pine is very impressive, and provided the termites can be controlled it should be retained in its present form. The organ by J W Walker of London (1847) is a rare survival of this builder's early work, and should bcll preserved; even the console is original. R B P e References: S e V. L, OLIVER, The history of the Island of Antigua (3 vols London 1894-99) The romance of English Harbour (4th ed, 1969) 36 B BN BN THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS E BN — — p—— I I I I 37 General considerations 1...
pdf

EnvironmentalPlanningIssues 08 1995 SmallIslandStates SustainableDevelopment Bass DalalClayton

...Pollution Control and Advisory Service; controlling toxic or potentially hazardous goods; national and regional plans to combat major oil spills and ocean dumping. Waste Management: Priorities include improved sewerage for Greater Victoria and other specified urban centres; the Mahé solid waste plan and treatment plant; a regional management plan for hazardous wastes. Land Management: Priorities include implementation of the Plan D’ Amenagement du Territoire; strengthening the Planning Act and building regulations; maintaining and improving soil fertility. Water Management: Priorities include a national water resources assessment; new water management plans; improved water supply and distribution networks for Mahé, La Digue and Praslin; upgrade Le Niol treatment plant. Energy Policy and Conservation: Priorities include the preparation and implementation of a national energy conservation programme; a feasibility study for lead-free gas. National Parks and Conservation: Priorities include new parks management plans; measures to protect endangered species; upgrading of Curiese National Park, the Aldabra World Heritage site and maritime parks; a new Parks and Conservation Service, pesticide controls. Forests Management: Priorities include the preparation and implementation of a National Forests Management Plan; preservation of endemic tree species; new fire prevention measures. Coastal Environment Management: Priorities include strengthening Coastal Zone Management Plans; controlling beach...
pdf

Bass 1993 Ecology and Economics in Small Islands Framework for Sustainable Development

...species; 2 3 the limited array of competitors and specific predator/ prey relation- ships. Many islands are important areas of biological endemism, and island ecosystems commonly exhibit high species richness. Yet some of the factors which render islands of ecological significance also leave them susceptible to external influences. Islands are often incorrectly exemplified as ‘closed systems’ when in fact they. are often very far from this; and they are becoming increasingly open every day. Small islands are particularly vul- nerable to coastal and marine influences. The survival needs of the densely-packed human populations (which often depend upon imported biological diversity such as cattle, goats and annual crops, and engage in environmentally-damaging occupations) have for long overridden longer-term concerns such as the conservation of indigenous biological diversity. It is not therefore surprising that most of the recorded species losses of the last few centuries have been in tropical islands. Many species became extinct shortly after colonial conquest, with the introduction of colonial crops, livestock and their attendant panoply of pests and diseases (Crosby, 1986). Many of the island species that remain have lost their competitive ability, and whole island ecosystems are vulnerable to collapse if exceptionally invasive species...
pdf

Crowards 1998 Proposed Sustainable Development Indicators Caribbean CDB Workshop

...Habitat) internet site Wastewater treatment, % Solid waste generation Solid waste disposal methods Regular solid waste collection o s e UNEP/RIVM (1994) ‘An Overview of Environmental Indicators: State of the Art and Perspectives’ Water resources (m3) Fish production (tonnes/$) Food production index Populations & hunting, Exposure to transport noise Solid waste generation Withdrawal (m3, %) Aquaculture production Area: cropland, grassland, selected species Emission of traditional air Municipal waste Irrigation usage Food supply from fish/fish irrigated pollutants, p.c. generation/dispos Total water supply products Land drainage Hazardous/special wastes Water use Volume of goods Land tenure Treatment/disposal of Sediment load, rivers loaded/unloaded Farming methods: organic, hazardous wastes Total discharges of Oil tanker spills pest control Hazardous waste accidents pollutants, by type Tourism acitivity Farms by category Recycling/reuse: aluminium, Waste water discharges (nights/$/visits to sites) Use of tractors & glass, paper & board Waster water generation and Pollutant discharges harvester/thresher Access to waste collection collection Sewage sludge dumped at Agri. energy consumption services Waste water treatment sea Fertilizer consumption (per Length of coastline crop area) Population in coastal Nitrogen balance (per agglomerations agricultural area) Pesticide consumption Cereals import/export Livestock population (per agri. land) Manure production Import...
pdf

Hill Bowen Soboil Environmental Management Systems Sustainable Construction South Africa UNEP Industry Environment 1996

...In addition, procedures were developed in both the Du Toitskloof project and the Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme to deal with emergencies such as road accidents, fires, flooding and major pollution events. In order to ensure compliance with construc- tion guidelines, specific inspection procedures were drawn up inall three projects. These proce- dures required the EO to undertake routine site inspections to check that various components of the EMP were being effectively implemented and to ensure that the environment was not being damaged from unplanned incidents. For example, in the Palmier project off-site sources of quarried material were inspected to ensure that there were no seeds of invasive plant species present in the material. Procedures for the measurement of environ- mental performance indicators require the setting of standards for relevant environmental para- meters and ongoing monitoring. In the case of the Du Toitskloof road project, it was specified that samples be taken of both river water quality and the abundance of aquatic invertebrates. In doing 50, both short term and long term changes in the health of the river system were adequately deter- mined. The Hillside smelter project developed procedures for monitoring meteorological condi- tions, ground water quality, site runoff...
pdf

Bass 1993 Ecology Economics Small Islands Sustainable Development Framework

...gh species richness. Yet some of the factors which render islands of ecolo gical significance also leave them susceptible to external influences. Island systems’ when in fact they s are often incorrectly exemplified as ‘closed are often very far from this; and they are becoming increasin gly ope every day. Small islands are P articularly vul- nerable to coastal a nd marine influences. The survival The survival needs of the densely- -packed human populations (which often depend upon imported biol ogical diversity such as cattle, goats and annualcrops, and engagein envi ronmentally-damaging occupations) have for long overridden longer- term concerns such as the conservation of indigenous biological diversi ty. It is not therefore surprising that most of the recorded species losses of f the last few centuries have been in tropical islands. Many species became extinct shortly after colonial conquest, with the introduction of colonial crops, livestock and their attendant and diseases (Crosby, 1986). Man panoply of pests y of the island species that remain have lost their competitive ability, and whole island ecosystems are vulnerable to collapse if exceptionally in vasive species are introduced. There are one hundred times more endang in mainland Africa, for exam red species...
pdf

Restoration Management Notes Vol5 No1 Summer1987 KissimmeeRiverRestoration and EcologicalRestoration Forum

...revegetation program for San Bruno Mountain. The program has three major goals: to create new habi- tat totaling approximately 51 ha in disturbed transi- tional areas between the developments and the sur- rounding natural landscape; to enhance existing habitat by increasing the numbers and density of the butterflies’ larval food plants, silver lupine (Lupinus albifrons var. collinus) and stonecrop (Sedum spathulifolium) as well as nectar-source plants for the adult butterflies (all the plants are natives); and to eradicate several species of invasive nonnative plants (gorse, broom, eucalyptus, ice- plant, and others) that are encroaching upon the existing habitat. Thus far, our test plots and the first project site plantings (totaling about 14 ha) have indicated that the specific habitat requirements can be met and successfully restored through a combination of hydroseeding and container planting. The recent discovery of mission blue butterfly eggs on lupine in a restored habitat area has alleviated the fear that the butterflies would shy away from human-made habitat. 38 39 Erosion Control . . . A Challenge in Our Time. Proceedings of Conference XVI, International Erosion Control Association, February 21-22, 1985, San Francisco, CA Plant Propagation Trials of the Nipomo Dune Flora, Woody Frey A native...
pdf

GEF Biodiversity Matters Global Contributions 1992-2002

...some of the world’s most diverse plants and animal species. The project, managed by the World Bank, is helping Colombia implement a national biodiversity plan and apply key strategies for conserv. ation and sustainable and equitable use of biological resources in the region. DRYLAND Ecosystems GEF has supported a small, but wide-ranging portfolio of dryland biodiversity projects in the LAC region. These projects focus in particular on systems of protected areas g such as those in Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, and Mexico. Developing a methodology to measure the causes and impacts of biodiversity loss. A regional GEF proj- ect is developing an indicator methodology for dryland ecosystems in the LAC region. The methodology is intended to provide policymakers, NGOs, and key stake- holders with tools to identify and analyze both the causes of land degradation and biodiversity loss and the impacts of communities in dryland areas. Managing alien-species threats, The Galdpagos Islands, located 1.000 kilometers off the coast of Ecuador, are globally outstanding in their unique terrestrial and marine biodiversity and endemism. The islands are threatened mainly by the introduction of alien species. A GEF project has worked since 1998 to control invasive species on the islands...
pdf

Seaman Randall 1962 Mongoose Predator Virgin Islands JMammalogy

...deleterious effect on wildlife, especially reptiles. The reptilian fauna consisted of an iguana, a ground lizard, a tree lizard, 4 geckos, one snake and one blind snake. The ground lizard (Ameiva polops) has been eliminated from the main island of St. Croix but persists in small colonies on neighboring Protestant Cay and Green Cay where the mongoose does not occur. The snake (Alsophis sanctae-cruis) has not been seen for many years and may be extinct. The blind snake (Typhlops richardi) is extremely rare. The iguana (Iguana iguana) has been greatly reduced in numbers (probably as much by the activity of man as by that of the mongoose ). Birds, especially ground-nesting species, have suffered depletion. Some, such as the bridled quail dove (Geotrygon mystacea), have become adapted to the presence of the mongoose and are again to be found in numbers. Seaman (1952) reported on the examination of stomach contents of mongoose in St. Croix. Insects (mostly orthopterans) and centipedes dominated the diet, being found in all but 7 stomachs. Lizards were present in 18 stomachs, rats in 5, mice in 5 and crabs in 4. Only 3 stomachs contained birds, 2 of which were chickens. Plant material was...
pdf

Varnham 2010 Invasive Rats Tropical Islands History Ecology Impacts Eradication RSPB Report41

...Invasive Species Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK Nichols, RK., Woolaver, L.G. and Jones C.G. (2005). Breeding biology of the endangered Mauritius olive white-eye Zosterops chloronothos. Ostrich 76(1-2): 1-7. Pain D, Brooke M. de L., Finnie ].K., Jackson A. (2000). Effects of brodifacoum on the land crab of Ascension Island. Journal of Wildlife Management 64: 380-387. Parnell, J.A.N., Cronk, Q, Wyse Jackson, P. and Strahm, \ (1989). A study of the ecological history, vegetation and conservation management of Ile aux Aigrettes, Mauritius. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5(4): 355-374. Pascal, M., Brithmer, R., Lorvelec, O. and Venumiere, N. (2004). Consequences of the Ship Rat (Rattus rattus) recent invasion on the breeding avifauna of Sainte Anne Islets Natural Reserve (Martinique, French West Indies), established after an eradication attempt. Revue D Ecologie-La Terre Et La Vie 59(1-2): 309-318. Peters, M. (2006). Conservation report for the Chumbe Reef Sanctuary and Forest Reserve, Chumbe Island Coral Park: 22pp. Pickup, AR. (1999). Ascension Island management plan, Report to Royal Society for the Protection of Birds: 106pp. Robertson, B.C. and Gemmell, N.J. (2004). Defining eradication units to control invasive...
pdf

1995 Science Biological Survey Hawaii Species Diversity Mlot

...noting species that haven'’t collaborators are producing a database of all in London. “It will be increasingly clear we Hawaii’s known species and their habitats still haven’t got things right.” * The Bishop Museum's database can be -Nigel Williams and biology. Already the effort, which is reached on the World Wide Web at http:// based on scientific literature, museum col- wwwbishop.hawaii.org 322 SCIENCE VOL. 269 » 2] JULY 1995 | S t St e d St i tl ¢ t o 13 > 88 o in 1m 1 ond ro ng-f aven ad equately described scientifically or from a major highway on Maui. Some of the other known damselfly spe- been searched for in all the likely Another species, the Hawaiian orange- cies, however, have not turned up in the field haven't The museum is beginning to com- black damselfly (M. xanthomelas), was once surveys, even at sites where the literature or habats. assion new field research and other studies common around streams throughout the museum specimens indicated they had been lowlands but became prey for non-native fish found earlier. These have been confirmed to (o l these gaps- introduced to control mosquitoes...
pdf

Document 6325dcbb

...human- tolerant species with broad diet and climatic needs, is of great concern. It has the potential of becoming a major predator on native lizards, birds, and mammals, and may be able to compete with the native boa, Epicrates monensis. In addition there are new records of Hemidactylus mabouia (G. Perry, unpubl. data) and Epicrates monensis (Barker et al., 2009) from Great Camanoe. Encourag- ingly, a population of Sphaerodactylus parthenopion was found on Moskito Island, (C. Petrovic, unpubl. data) bringing the total number of known populations to two. A release of Red-footed Tortoises (Geochelone carbonaria) on Moskito is currently planned by the island’s owners (C. Petrovic, unpubl. data). We are concerned that future additions to the list of invasives in the BVI are likely, especially as much of the material used in “development” projects orig- inates in Puerto Rico, the USVI, and Florida. We therefore recommend addi- tional training of workers at the port and nursery industry to monitor invasive herpetofauna. An informal survey of BVI pet stores (C. Petrovic, unpubl. data) indicates that many people simply bring in their “pets” — often birds or tur- tles — from Puerto Rico or elsewhere, which makes both control and education efforts...
pdf

Holdgate 1996 Ecological Significance Biological Diversity Royal Swedish Academy

...is recent experimental support for this statement: when artifical systems of 9, 15 and 31 species were maintained Table 4. Primary production In major vegetation types (35). types (35). Vegetation type Net production (g r| y‘ dry matter) Tropical rain forest 2200 1000 - 3500 Tropical seasonal forest 1600 1000 - 2500 Temperate evergreen forest 1300 600 2500 Temperate deciduous forest 1200 600 - 2500 Boreal forest 800 400 - 2000 Savanna 900 200 - 2000 Temperate grassland 600 200 - 1500 Tundra 140 10 - 400 Cultivated land 650 100 - 4000 Algal beds and reefs 2500 500 - 4000 E: 1 500 stuaries (excluding marshes) 200 - 4000 [ in controlled-environment chambers, the more diverse systems exhibited higher productivity and respiratory activity (39, 40). However, as systems become even more diverse and complex the curves are likely then to level off, and primary production may fall in some systems as secondary consumers increase and the available nutrients are shared between a larger number of competitors and consumers. But diversity may £0 on increasing with time. The classic ecological explanation is that as ecosys- tems develop so the available energy is parcelled out between more and more species, each specialized to fill a particular eco- logical niche: the greater...
pdf

Daltry 2007 Herpetofauna Conservation Antigua Barbuda Redonda

...and Barbuda, but could potentially be returned from other Lesser Antillean states, if hunting, habitat degradation and predation by mongooses can be prevented. Probably the best release site or sites in the short term would be Antigua’s larger offshore islands, where such threats can be controlled more easily (Matthew Morton, pers. comm.). 7. Enlist greater public and political interest and support for indigenous her- petofauna and their habitats through education. To reach a wide audience, the awareness strategy should make use of a wide range of approaches, including all varieties of media. In the case of reptiles that people find repulsive or frightening, previous studies have shown that providing information alone may do disappoint- ingly little to modify opinions or behaviour — the target audience often needs to see the animal at close quarters (Morgan and Gramann, 1989). Special attention should be given to the reasons and methods for preventing the spread of alien invasive species, because effective control requires public cooperation. To achieve greater political attention for conservation in Antigua and Barbuda, it may be necessary to demonstrate links between conservation and tourism, for example, by promoting turtle-watching on Antigua or nature tours to Redonda. 8. Encourage and...
pdf

Global Biodiversity Vol7 No3 Winter1997 CanadianMuseumOfNature

...It is expected that the first book on marine conservation biology, based on the best papers presented at this meeting, will be published sometime in 1999. The momentum is still building. MCBI is now working to continue this kind of interaction through multidisciplinary wokh on emerging tOpics in marine conservation biology.-Workshops in 1996 and 1997 brought scientists from around the world together to discuss the effects of bottom trawling on marine ecosystems and the ecology and conservation biology of large pelagic fishes. In the first of several workshops in 1998, marine and non- marine scientists will discuss how to control established populations of alien marine species FISHING FOR FUNDS If federal governments were to fund the research ideas generated at symposia and workshops, the momentum would build swiftly Unfortunately, the lines that constrain scientific.inquiry in academia run through government as well The-National Science.Foundation (NSF) — the primary government funding agency of scientific research in the United States — focuses mainly on pure science or basic research within a single discipline. Most of this research is not directed towards real world situations such as conservation. For marine conservation biologists, this means that at least four different program ‘areas (biological...
pdf

Hill Bowen Soboil Environmental Management Systems Sustainable Construction South Africa UNEP Industry Environment 1996

...In addition, procedures were developed in both the Du Toitskloof project and the Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme to deal with emergencies such as road accidents, fires, flooding and major pollution events. In order to ensure compliance with construc- tion guidelines, specific inspection procedures were drawn up inall three projects. These proce- dures required the EO to undertake routine site inspections to check that various components of the EMP were being effectively implemented and to ensure that the environment was not being damaged from unplanned incidents. For example, in the Palmier project off-site sources of quarried material were inspected to ensure that there were no seeds of invasive plant species present in the material. Procedures for the measurement of environ- mental performance indicators require the setting of standards for relevant environmental para- meters and ongoing monitoring. In the case of the Du Toitskloof road project, it was specified that samples be taken of both river water quality and the abundance of aquatic invertebrates. In doing 50, both short term and long term changes in the health of the river system were adequately deter- mined. The Hillside smelter project developed procedures for monitoring meteorological condi- tions, ground water quality, site runoff...
pdf

Bader 1996 ErosionControl WetlandCreationCaseStudies

...ation of a wetland to handle the stormwa- NJ, one of the largest wetlands native ter runoff from a large employee parking species nurseries, is concerned over this lot. There was a natural wetland nearby, distribution practice. and the tribe wanted to prevent the “There are important reasons why = ”~ . stormwater from running directly into it good wetlands designers specify native =\, and clogging it with sediment. species,” he contends. “Plants and seeds " 4 “The artificial wetlands system we harvested in one area of the country may V ’ /= — N installed was designed and sized to handle not be suitable in another region even if Circle #46 on Reader Service Card even 100-year storms. Under lesser condi- they have the same name. First, they may tions it will never overload and pass unfil- not survive in a different soil or hydrology tered stormwater into the natural wetland. environment, and second, they may prove EAP Environmental To accomplish this we installed a catch to be invasive and damaging to the other basin in the parking lot both to control the species in the new wetlands. A good Environmental contractors that flow during a storm and to provide some example...
pdf

IUCN Red List Categories SSC Approved 1994

...in either the recent past, present or near future can be based on any of a series of related factors, and these factors should be specified. Taxa at risk from threats posed by future events of low probability but with severe consequences (catastrophes) should be identified by the criteria (e.g. small distributions, few locations). Some threats need to be identified particu- larly early, and appropriate actions taken, because their effects are irreversible, or nearly so (pathogens, invasive organisms, hybridization). 7. Uncertainty The criteria should be applied on the basis of the available evidence on taxon numbers, trend and distribution, making due allowance for statistical and other uncertainties. Given that data are rarely available for the whole range or pop- ulation of a taxon, it may often be appropriate to use the information that is available to make intelligent inferences about the overall status of the taxon in question. In cases where a wide variation in estimates is found, it is legitimate to apply the precautionary principle and use the estimate (providing it is credi- ble) that leads to listing in the category of highest risk. Where data are insufficient to assign a category (including Lower Risk), the cat- egory...
pdf

Draft IUCN Red List Categories IRF

...and at times, more controversial than was anticipated. Much comment and feedback on the proposals has been received and many changes have been made as a result. The proposals have now been through several cycles of drafting, consultation, validation and revision. They are now at a stage where they seem capable of operating effectively and achieving their established aims. The need to revise the categories has been recognised for some time. In 1984, the SSC held a symposium, ‘The Road to Extinction’ which examined the issues in some detail, and at which a number of options were considered for the revised system. However, no single proposal resulted. The SSC Steering Committee then specifically invited ideas which led to the publication by Mace & Lande in 1991 of proposed new definitiol ns for categories of threat, based on the estimated risks of extinction. These definitions w ere for three threat categories named Critical, Endangered and Vulnerable, which had decreasi ng extinction risks over increasing time frames. These definitions were inadequate to ¢ lassify species because there is no simple method to translate basic ecological information to e: xtinction risk. A set of quantitative criteria which might be used o perationally were also...
pdf

SpillTechnologyNewsletter Vol17No3 1992 BioremediationOfOilSpills Foght Westlake EnvCanada EN FR

...microbiologists in designing unequivocally the chemical bioremediation processes. pollutant, containment, physical cleanup, and then initiating the changes taking place in the oil as bioremediation process) are it undergoes bioremediation. More research is required to applicable to freshwater systems. increase our understanding of the potential applications for Conclusions and bioremediation and the factors Monitoring the Future Studies that control the cleaning of Effectiveness of Bioremediation is an effective oil-polluted beaches and intertidal Bioremediation sediments. This involves, for technology for cleaning up oil spilled in the environment, example, the nature and mode(s) There are several different of nutrient addition to optimize the techniques available for especially when used as a “polishing” method for removing biodegradative process, and the monitoring the progress of the oil design of experiments and bioremediation process. Indirect residual oil after physical cleanup. Such treatment can be relatively sampling procedures that will methods involve monitoring of allow statistic evaluation of the changes in the microbial non invasive, environmentally sound, and cost-effective. results. While existing population and changes in bioremediation technologies are biochemical parameters of the concerned primarily with the use There are real biological and growth process, e.g., oxygen of indigenous micro-organisms in consumption...
pdf

VA DCR Aquatic Resources Nonpoint Source Pollution Self Study Guide

...G 5.10 I & O G O I R O Tips: Yard care The following are tips for preventing nonpoint source pollution when caring for your yard: [ ] Know the types of soil in your yard - drainage, infiltration rate, permeability, leachability, erodibility - and plan your landscaping to suit it. Have your soil tested to determine the fertility, composition, and pH level before you add lime, fertilizers, and other substances. Carefully control the amount and type of fertilizers (nutrients) used on your lawn. Overuse of chemicals will pollute streams, rivers, and ground water and can also make lawns dependent on these products to look healthy. More fertilizer is not better! Do not overwater lawns. Only water during very dry periods with as much water as the soil can absorb. Frequent, shallow watering causes shallow rooting, invites invasive grasses, and encourages disease. Limit your use of herbicides and pesticides. 90% of the insects in your lawn are not harmful. Even a healthy lawn will have some weeds. When using a lawn care company, select carefully and request environmentally sound lawn and garden care. Consider alternatives to grass, particularly in shade and other areas where it does not grow well. Add groundcovers, trees, shrubs...
pdf

Farnsworth Ellison 1997 Global Conservation Status of Mangroves Ambio v26n6 pp327-334

...4(10.5) commercial fishing and dredging * Importance was defined as the number of areas for which the problem was ranked as the primary threat to mangroves. porate adequate adult seedling sources and understory seedling banks to permit successional regeneration following perturba- tion (45, 49). Our data indicating a species-poor and sparse seedling bank were derived from a single static survey; seed- ling recruitment densities vary seasonally and among species I A © N\ AN LW T 7 2 l N %, A X 4 i - ¥ Y // , < ' & “ . & A \ A\ AN £ X . X3 A N 1S , AN\ N BN\ ¥ 2 y - Poles of mangrove (Rhizophora stylosa) are used for house construction in Yap, Federal States of Micronesia. Photo: E.J. Farnsworth. Ambio Vol. 26 No. 6, Sept. 1997 © Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 1997 G O G D Gl .. ] (50). Long-term demographic studies are needed to determine which sites support sufficient advance regeneration and which will require supplemental plantings. Asian studies have shown that seedling banks alone are insufficient, especially where in- vasive ferns (Achrostichum spp.) colonize the understory (51). Hand-planting is labor- and time-intensive, but can provide em- ployment for local residents...
pdf

IUCN Biodiversity Concepts Components Threats Cronk Heywood Synge WWF Project3301

...of course contributes, but green plants by their size and abundance (the largest organisms on this planet are plants) celebrate diversity more than any other group. The shock of coming face to face with diversity has stimulated artists and scientists alike. The great 17th century naturalist, John Ray, described how his inspiration to study organisms came to him: “first the rich array of spring-time meadows, then the shape, colour and structure of particular plants fascinated and absorbed me: interest in botany became a passion”, John Ray’s response to species rich meadows is merely an extension of the response to diversity that thas been omnipresent in human history and is expressed in the "millefleur” grounds of medieval tapestries and the flowery mead of the medieval imagination. Boccaccio (Decameron) describing a castle garden says of it: "What seemed more delightful than anything else, was a plot of ground like a meadow; the grass of a deep green spangled with a thousand different flowers". The Biomass Matrix The average biomass availability for the United States has been estimated at 6 kg per sq. m. Of this 89% consists of plant matter, A further 7.7% consist of lower plants (algae, fungi...
pdf

Bond 1979 Derivations of Lesser Antillean Birds ProcAcadNatSciPhila v131 p89-103

...on that island. The Lesser Antillean Eulampis, likewise invasive, has failed to extend its DERIVATIONS OF LESSER ANTILLEAN BIRDS range westward from Saba because of un- suitable habitat on the Virgin Islands. The small islands northwest of Guadeloupe con- stitute an effective barrier preventing ex- pansion of ranges of the great majority of land birds. Antillean endemic genera are monotypic or monospecific or comprise superspecies, with the exceptions of Margarops and Lox- igilla, where sympatry has occurred in the Lesser Antilles. These evidently represent a waif fauna that probably reached the is- lands not earlier than the Quaternary, since no major evolution has taken place among them. Numerous species are known only from subfossil material from the Greater Antilles and Bahama Islands. Ac- cording to Baker and Genoways (1978) ‘most of the evolutionary activity of the Lesser Antillean bat fauna has been asso- ciated with Guadeloupe, but this does not apply to birds. During the past 100 years there have been many changes in the avifauna of the Lesser Antilles. One species (Molothrus bonariensis) apparently invaded these is- lands from Trinidad and spread as far west as Hispaniola, others have undergone mod- erate expansions in their ranges. On the other...
pdf

UNEP DEWA-Europe GRID-Geneva Quarterly Bulletin Vol6 Issue1 May2004

...on emerging issues and new findings, as well as a core set of (GEO) indicators as 'headline trends'. While the availability of reliable, up-to-date global data sefs still limits the choice of indicators, these indi- cators aim to highlight some of the key global and regional environmental issues and trends that have been identi- fied in GEO reports and are to provide a consistent and harmonized overview of major environmental changes on an annual basis, and thereby facilitate tracking of major environmental issues over the years. The core set of GEO indicators has mainly been selected on the basis of their perceived significance and illustra- o et = [= S 0 e e s A i N - 29 —— e s A i N - 29 —— Number of threatened species serves as an indicator of overall threats to biodiversity, extracted from the Geo Data Portal. tion of the major environmental issues as addressed under the GEO process throughout the years, as well as on the basis of availability of underlying data for regions and sub-regions over the last years and decades. For seven major issues, a total of 20 'headline' indicators are presented. They were extracted from the GEO...
pdf

2009 OECS PERB Protected Area Management Plan Nevis Peak National Park Camps River Watershed IRF

...Early Detection and Rapid Response (EDDR) protocol for invasice species control. Control programmes for selected species such as the mongoose (especially in sea turtle nesting areas) and Green Monkey. 53.2 Ensuring Ecological Integrity: Reef to Peak The Nevis Peak and surrounding summits are as connected to the sea as a finger is to the heart of a person. The rhythms of life move up and down the corridors of the ghauts that connect the forest to the shore and the sea. The water from rains rushes downhill to the coast, carrying sediments, nutrients, seeds, and other vital matter, but the connection runs both directions thanks to the animals that use these corridors. The seemingly discrete components of the landscape exists only in the mind, nature does not operate in this way. For example, bats use the wetlands for freshwater and for prey, while using the upland forest for cover, shelter and food. They move easily between both environments under the sanctuary of the riparian corridors. The same can be said for many bird species. During severe dry periods, as has just occurred between February and early May 2009, many species abandon the drier areas lower downslope and along the...
pdf

Doren Whiteaker Exotic Pest Plant Council Florida Restoration Management Notes 9-1 1991

...) f ¥ o | nvasive exotic. Grove of melaleuca in a Florida Everglades prairie shows spread of seedlings from original, outlier tree, typical of this i Photo of Photo courtesy of Robert Doren to appear about 1950. Eventually more subtle environ- mental problems became evident as species such as Aus- tralian cajeput (Melaleuca quinquenervia) and Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) began to alter the com- position of the plant and animal communities in our natu- ral preserves. Many people responded to these problems, but usually individually. Often a single state or county park, one agency, Or even one person in an agency reacted, but without participation or communication with anyone else. Occasionally individuals within an agency shared information, but there was no coordinated, inter-agency program for management of exotic pest plants in the region. Florida’s first organized effort was for the control of aquatic weeds, and resulted in the development of the Bureau of Aquatic Weeds under the Florida Department of Natural Resources. This provided a model for the Exotic Pest Plant Council to follow. However, until the Council’s formation very little was being done to coordi- nate work on the woody exotics invading our upland and wetland...
pdf

2009 OECS PERB NevisPeak Biodiversity Inventory StatusAssessment Lindsay Bacle Thomas Pearson IRF

...Another invasive species of concem is the Donkey or Burro, introduced to the island as an animal of labour. Feral donkeys have been and continue to be a threat to property, pedestrians and motorists, landscapes, native species, ecosystems, and ecological services throughout the island of Nevis, including areas of the proposed NPPA, especially on the southern and eastern parts of the island. They cause considerable damage to the landscape and biodiversity. They strip trees and other plants of foliage, prevent regeneration, and, as vegetation dies back, the soil becomes exposed and easily erodes. Previous attempts at controlling the animals had resulted in reduced numbers for a time, but, in recent years, the numbers have once again increased dramatically and are again posing serious challenges. During the current biodiversity assessment, many residents highlighted the uncontrolled presence of feral and free-roaming animals, including donkeys, goats, sheep and monkeys, as one of the most pressing problems confronting residents and one of the most challenging issues limiting the long-term ecological health of the proposed protected area. E B B BN BN Page 42 island resources FOUNDATION I Terrestrial Biodiversity Inventory and Status Assessment for the Proposed Nevis Peak Protected Area SPECIES OF...
pdf

Ludeke et al What is the Status of Wildlife in Grenada Today

...Several noteworthy species have been introduced by humans. These include the large opossum or manicou { RRRAL ausup , the mona monke (Crphecy aun dent, and the ongoose (Herpestes anropunctatus). The large 6possum is believed t0 have been introduced into Grenada from South America by the Amerindians. It was part of the "live larder” they brought with them on inter-island journeys in their pirogues {dug out canoes; Groome 1970). The mona monkey was introduced from West Africa during the slave trade (Groome 1970). Bacon (1978) seid that this species wes probably brought to Grenada ss a pet by the slaves. However, given the condition of the slaves on slave ships (Brizan 1984), we find this scenano unlikely. It was more likely that monkeys were brought over as pets by the planters or slave traders Given the paucity of native game species on Grenada, another scenario is that it ws introduced s & source of wild meat. Freed or escaped, the monkeys readily adapted to life in Grenada's forests. The mammal most commonty seen in the wild in Grenada is the mongoose. The native of Indo Asia wes brought 1o Grenada in the 1870's from Jamaica to control rats in the...
pdf

2000 Douglas Caribbean Birds At Risk Jamaica Daily Gleaner

...the Caribbean almost all of the original vegetation has been eliminated. In the result of a controversial international survey, the World Resources Institute noted that Jamaica had the highest rate of forest loss worldwide. While the accuracy of the report has been questioned by local interests, the most recent assessment of forest cover completed in 1998 by Jamaica's Forest Department is no more comforting. It found that only eight per cent of the island's forest was minimally impacted by humans, mainly because those areas are too rugged, dry, or wet for agriculture and other human activities. The InrnionaUnin on the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) warns that the threat of introduced alien invasive species is as important as the degradation of habitats. This is even more true of the fauna of small islands such as our own which developed in the absence of predatory animals and therefore have no experience or natural defences. 06/09/2000 Negative impact The impact of alien invasive species (in particular introduced predators) also has an adverse effect on local species. Take the example of the Indian mongoose introduced into Jamaica in 1872 to control mice and rats that overran the sugar-cane plantations...
pdf

Tentacle 10 2002 Craze Antiguan Land Snails Benefit From Snake Conservation

...the Antiguan islands. The study will monitor selected groups of plants and animals on an island recently cleared of rats compared to a control (K.J. Varnham personal communication) . Of all the groups selected for monitoring, land molluscs will be the most exhaustively surveyed. Finding a clear effect of rat removal on land snail populations would be a significant addition to the available literature on this interaction. Whether or not they are seen to respond to the absence of rats over the time scale of the study, Antiguan land snails are certain to gain from this increased attention. The timing of the survey coincides with an increased emphasis in the ARCP towards conservation and management of the northern and eastern Antiguan islands as an entire, functioning ecosystem. The fact that land snails are now being considered by the ARCP means that their Varnham, K., Ross, T., Daltry, J., Day, M., Cooper, G. & Lindsay, K.1998. Recovery of the Antiguan racer. Aliens [Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group] 8: 21. Florens, F.B.V., Daby, D. & Jones, R 1998. The impact of controlling alien plants and animals on the snail fauna of forests on Mauritius. Journal of Conchology...
pdf

Guadalupe Dunes Revegetation Program San Miguel Pipeline Bowland Jordan 1987

...f the test plots continues natural revegetation o be seriously impeded. Much and does not appear to of the grazing has been on inva sive species, and may therefore have be ne= primarily mustards, ugh ficial aspects for na tive plant success thro However, the the removal of competing plants. 1d damage nativ es and trampling from cattle cou retard sprouting. Since the installation of the sand fences on the mobile sand dune trial, sand has accreted on The shape of the the leeward side as expected. newly formed dun e behind the sin gle fence line is Jeeward angle of repose is less larger and the double strand. than the du ne associated with the The latter exhibits a s teeper windward face, appears more stable, and contains less san d than the On the leewar d side of the double strand former. (where the leeward angl e of repose is greater), a mat of wind-deposited leave Sy seeds and other ateria 1 has formed. This blown plant vegetative m 1 is surprisingly stable, mat of vegetative materia and contains seeds from sever al different plant species, including the sensitive Crispa. 1714 COASTAL ZONE "87 Two test plots...
pdf

1977 Herrmann Bratton Great Smoky Mountains Biosphere Reserve Research Monitoring NPS MgmtReport23

...and temporary use. Research at Uplands is nd towards specific park management needs. Current high priority, ongoing projects include: 5 Status of the European Wild Boar @ a. Estimation of the hog population and determination of hog movements and habits b. Evaluation of hog disturbance to native species C. Determination of control methods for limiting the expansion of the wild boar population 2. Preservation of the native brook trout population 3. Survey and status of aquatic resources systems 4. Evaluation of damage to native fir populations by the exotic wooly aphid 5. vuon of human impacts in the park a. Assessment of campsite damage and trail erosion . Environmental analyses of existing developments and proposed developments within the park o C. Determination of human interactions with the native fauna 6% Inventory of rare, endangered, and endemic species populations and definition and description of special protection areas Tie Establishment of an information base suitable for fire ® management decisions 8. Park-wide vegetation survey 9. Status of the black bear 10. Development of remote monitoring techniques The Uplands Field Research Laboratory staff presents current research results through several media. Management studies are quickly disseminated in the Management Report Series published by the Natural...
pdf

Rudman 1985 StJohn FeralBurro PrelimReport IRF-NPS

...grassy areas will dimage the roots of the grasses by overgrazing and trampling. Constant pressure by large numbers of feral burros on the island's vegetation could easily lead to an irreversible situation and significantly alter both soil quality and plant species composition in some areas, in particular those where preferred food plant species grow. Although I am not in a position to what the carrying capacity for burros is on on. S the fact that it is a small island and that the burros John, cannot emigrate to other areas as the population grows means that the detrimental effects of a large feral burro population will manifest themselves more quickly and more obviously than they would in a larger area. Thus, it is clear that the growing feral burro population on St. John is a problem that must be dealt with in the near future if serious problems are to be avoided. MANAGEMENT SUGGESTIONS At this point in time, it seems that the present feral burro population on St. John is increasing and will eventually become a serious enough problem to warrant some sort of control effort. The following is an outline of possible management strategies with some of...
pdf

2000 DouglasL Jamaican Birds Biodiversity Conservation GleanerArticles

...of the original vegetation has been eliminated. In the results of a controversial international survey, the World Resources Institute noted that Jamaica had the highest rate of forest loss worldwide. While the accuracy of this report has been questioned by local interests, the most recent assessment of forest cover completed in 1998 by Jamaica’s Forest Department is no more comforting, finding that only eight percent (8%) of our island is covered by forest considered minimally impacted by humans. That is, only eight percent of the island is covered by natural forest, with most of this apparently surviving only because it occurs in areas too rugged, too dry or too wet for agriculture and other human activities. Habitat destruction has however had accessories. The International Union on the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) warns that the threat of introduced alien invasive species is no less important than the loss and degradation of habitats. This is even more true of the fauna of small islands such as our own, which developed in the absence of predatory animals to which they therefore have no experience or natural defenses, in actuality becoming “sitting ducks”. Any exotic species, which becomes established in natural or semi...
pdf

Johnson Blackett 1990 Bibliography Forestry CARICOM Eastern Caribbean IRF

...names of tree in Trinidad. Indies, Imperial College of Tropical List of main tree species in Arena Porest (arranged in order of commercial Agriculture, Botany importance). Department (1953) University of the West Indies, Barbados. (Source: ODNRI). Williams, R.0.; Williams, R.0.Jnr. The useful and ornamental plants of Trinidad (1951) and Tobago. Guardian Commercial Printery, Port of Spain, Trinidad 335pp. (Source: OFI). Contains sections on forest crops, trees and shrubs. Wright, H.L.; Technical committee '3 - Services to Berry, M.J.; managesent. Subhead 3: Porest industry and Thallon, P.K.; production forecasting. Paquet, J.; Black, D.A. The Eleventh Commonwealth Forestry Conference. Commonwealth Forestry Conference Commonwealth Forestry Review. 59(4): 474-475 Wright, H.L. Forecasting production from first rotation exotic conifers. Berry, M.J.; Thallon, P.K. Remote sensing of unmanaged forests. Paquet, J. Inventory of the indigenous forests in Trinidad and Tobago. Black, D.A. Use of aerial photography in intensive forest management. Yaseen, M (1984) A further note on the introduction of Hypsipyla parasites in Trinidad, West Indies. Costa Rica, Turrialba, Vol.34(2), PP.247-249. (Source: OFI). Describes work on the West Indian Station, Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Trinidad, to introduce parasites of...
pdf

OECS ESDU PERB NevisPeakNP CampsRiverWatershed BoundaryRecommendations IRF June2009

...resources F 0 U N DATION Page 9 June 2009 Boundary Recommendations Nevis Peak National Park and Camps River Watershed Protected Area biodiversity resources include coral reefs, mangrove stands, sea grass beds, wetlands, and forests. 6.40 Through the Environmental Impact Assessment process, the Director of Physical Planning will assess the potential for adverse effects on the islands biodiversity resource. Where unacceptable direct, indirect or cumulative adverse effects are identified, then the development will not be permitted. This includes the potential adverse effects of alien invasive species. Specific consideration will be given to the St Kitts and Nevis National Biodiversity Action Plan, and agreement on the appropriate level of protection of marine, terrestrial and atmospheric resources, organisms and ecosystems, and their diversity. In addition to sites previously identified, the draft Nevis Physical Development Plan gives priority protection to the Bath Bogs Protected Area and the Indian Castle Protected Area. 14(4) Indian Castle Indian Castle Conservation Area consists of two stretches of Protected Area sandy beaches, two Amerindian settlements of archaeological value and a system of offshore reefs that provide a barrier against high waves. The area is mainly used for recreation (p. 34) We have identified three specific sites...
pdf

Clough 1976 Current Status Endangered Caribbean Rodents

...weather station is maintained there by the US National Weather Service. Little Swan has never had permanent inhabitants. In the course of our investigations on Little Swan we walked along more than three-quarters of the perimeter and crossed the interior forest and scrub thickets five times while searching for hutia faecal pellets and signs of feeding on vegetation. On two nights we entered the interior portions of the island looking for live animals. We were familiar with hutia signs and habits since both of us had previous field experience with hutias in the Bahamas and on Jamaica. If hutias had been alive on this island we feel confident that we would have detected some evidence of their presence. Food plants suitable for hutias were abundant, notably two species of shrubs, Strumpfia maritima and Phyllanthus epiphyllanthus, both high on the preferred lists of foods of the Bahamian hutia (Clough, 1972). We found one old weathered skull of a hutia on Little Swan Island. This skull was lying partly exposed at the base of a 3 m deep narrow crevice in the limestone surface. We also found two skulls of domestic cats; one from about two years ago and the other...
pdf

1995 USDOI NPS Natural Resource Inventory and Monitoring in National Parks

...biogeographic associa- tion groups together park units distin- guished by low to moderate rainfall and the plant communities that typically occurs in such climates. Desert scrub communities predominate many of these arid areas, but communities range from desert scrub to desert grasslands to mixed conifer forests in high mountain areas. These arid regions stretch from the Southwestern United States up into Colorado and Wyoming. The following chart describes the major characteristics of each of the arid types in this biogeo- graphic association. The most serious threats to arid ecosystem resources are air pollution from metropolises, smelters, and fossil fuel electrical generating facilities; loss of ground and surface water to agricul- tural and urban concerns; threats to water quality from off-site pollution sources; minerals extraction and processing; domestic livestock grazing; invasive non- native species; harvesting of timber and woodland resources; agricultural and urban development and expansion; and off-road vehicle recreation impacts. o | Tooor [ e [ G Vegetation Chihuahan Sonoran Colorado Plateau North-central Mexico, into TX and NM Baja CA, southwest AZ, southeast CA, and Sonora, Mexico Between Great Basin and Sonoran deserts Surrounded by the Sierra Nevada,Wasatch Front, Colorado Plateau Northwest NM, north- east AZ, western CO...
pdf

IUCN 1986 Plants in Danger StPierreMiquelon LesserAntilles SalvageIslands

...1-2 km across, with 2 low hills reaching around 100 m. All 3 are difficult of access due to reefs and rocks. The vegetation is low, stunted and dominated by Mesembryanthemum, Suaeda and Nicotiana glauca. Rabbits are common on Selvagem Grande only, which is devoid of trees. Goats were introduced but are now extinct (Pickering and Hansen, 1969). Selvagem Pequena has apparently suffered much 5 less and has a more diverse flora (R. Press, 1985, pers. comm.). The flora consists of 2 species of ferns and 92 of flowering plants (Museo de Ciencias Naturales del Cabildo Insular de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1978), most of which are invasive weeds. Many are succulents. Of them, 4 species and 4 varieties of flowering plants as endemic; of the endemic species, IUCN list 2 as E, 1as Vand 1 as R; the endemic varieties are all listed as I. The endemic species are listed, without categories, in IUCN Threatend & Plants Committee Secretariat (1980), cited in Appendix 1. This report also lists § regionaly threatened non-endemics. The islands are covered by the Flora of Macaronesia checklist (Hansen and Sunding, 19%%, cited in Appendix 1). For recent, annotated checklists of the flora, see: 308
pdf

Lindsay Horwith 1997 IRF Vegetation Classification Antigua Barbuda ECBP

...thi s introduced grass, often 20 hectares or more in size, exist where moist forest has been cleared. Maintained by fires that are deliberately set by landless livestock owners, farmers and wood cutters to promote growth of young palatable shoots and to rid the land of this invasive and difficult "weed". Species: Cymbopogon citratus. Location: Does not occur in Barbuda. In Antigua, occurs mostly in south with good examples in Body Ponds, Brecknock, Hamiltons, McNish, Christian Valley and Liberta (above village on Hillside), and Swetes Village. Dunnings Valley, V.A.4. Tropical or subtropical grassland with a dwarf-shrub layer (generally 10- 25%) V.A.4.N.x. Tropical or subtropical forb- grassland with dwarf-shrubs Lantana camara tropical or subtropical forb -grassland with dwarf- V.A4N..(1) shrubs Alliance the Concept: Only occurs in Red onda. Despite our placement of this here within the FGDC system, our use of this Alliance differs in that its (i) herbaceous cover is comprised of approximate ly equal amounts of forbs as grasses, and (ii) dwarf-shrub layer coverage often exceeds 25% (to 50%). Species: 19 Dwarf-shrubs: Lantana camara [a red variety not found in Antigua], L. involucrata, Agave karatto, Pilosocereus royenii...
pdf

Document 65554257

...has been cleared. Maintained by fires that are deliber- ately set by landless livestock owners, farmers and wood cutters to promote growth of young palatable shoots and to rid the land of this invasive and difficult "weed". SPECIES: Cymbopogon citratus. LOCATION: Does not occur in Barbuda. In Antigua, occurs mostly in south with good examples in Body Ponds, Brecknock, Hamiltons, McNish, Christian Valley and Dunnings Val- ley, Liberta (above village on Hillside), and Swetes Village. B E B B Page 40 island resources FOUNDATION B VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION OF ANT IGUA-BARBUDA-REDONDA VA.4. | V.N.x Tropical or subtropical grassland with a dwarf-shrub layer (generally 10- 25%) Tropical or subtropical forb-grassland with dwarf-shrubs V.A.4.N.x.(1) Lantana camara tropical or subtropical forb-grassland with dwarf- shrubs Alliance CNCT: Only occurs in Redonda. Despite our placement of this Alliance here within the FGDC system, our use of this Alliance differs in that its (i) herbaceous cover is com- prised of approximately equal amounts of forbs as grasses, and (ii) dwarf-shrub layer coverage often exceeds 25% (to 50%). SPECIES: Dwarf-shrubs: Lantana camara [a red variety not found in Antigua], L. involu- crata...
pdf

Beard 1949 Natural Vegetation Windward Leeward Islands IRF

...any reduced to a much sma. %o be utilized are generally left standing, and when trees whose wood is too soft d or used for pasture t hese trees are still often subsequently the land is cultivate dotted with trees of left. It is, therefore, usual to find p astures and gardens wba. When land is abandoned by the Pisonia subcordata and Bursera simar h an invasive thicket fills up between shifting cultivator and re erts to bus! rocky places, g enerally at the lower elevations these standard trees. In dry, the initial thicket is formed ¢ hiefly of croton on the mountainous islands, but there are several other species. In bushes—mainly Croton b alsamiferum, hrub Leucaena glauca is th o chief invader. At a later moister parts the Asiatic s ous seasona 1 forest join the stage young tree s and shrul bs proper to the decidu succession, but t he selective cutting of the peasantr; v has gradually favoured e of the worthless Pisonia & nd Bursera. an abnormal preponderanc f such woodlands on principal components 0 e of the worthless an abnormal preponderanc f such woodlands on The following is & list O f the principal components 0...
pdf

W5-11 Study2 Survey of Cay Nesting Avifauna USVI 1991-1996 Pierce FinalReport

...management. Our research has expanded our understanding of the limiting factors for seabirds primarily on the breeding sites, since information on the marine environment (food resources and their dependence on oceanographic conditions) is more difficult to obtain given personnel and logistic constraints. Research will be necessary for declining species where the cause for decline is not known. Management will be necessary where the cause of the decline is known and immediate action could reverse the trend. Research findings and experience will modify the management activities in the future, and careful evaluation will be needed to determine which approaches are working. G Final Report: Seabird Survey, USVI Period: October 1. 1991 - September 30. 1996 33 . = = O O N ' Most methods to manage seabirds deal with management of their environments on the breeding colonies. such as controlling vegetation and introduced predators. Boobies and tropicbirds showed a high drce of site tenacity and emphasizes the need to protect the existing colony sites from disturbance and habitat degradation. The threat of introduced animals on the cays is an important reason to survey the breeding colonies. A mongoose loose on Cockroach could virtually wip out the nir local breeding population of Masked Boobies...
pdf

1997 Tasmania Spartina anglica Management Strategy DRAFT IRF

...... sssssss 27 APPENDIX A: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE USE OF FUSILADE ssn 29 APPENDIX B: DISTRIBUTION OF RICE GRASS IN TASMANIA n 30 a reprint by island resources FOUNDATION Page 7 Tasmania Spartina Management draft 9 July, 1997 Executive Summary Rice grass is a northern hemisphere intertidal saltmarsh plant that was deliberately introduced to Tasmania between the 1930s and the 1970s. It has become established in seven regions of the State’s coastal zone and continues to spread at an alarming rate. Currently, rice grass occupies 590 hectares of the State’s intertidal zone, believed to be a small percentage of its potential habitat. Its biology is typical of an invasive weed species. Its dense growth habit and rhizome/root network act as a trap for sediments and debris altering the natural rate, magnitude and location of sediment deposition and erosion. These processes elevate shorelines and river banks to create terraces and marsh islands by promoting deposition and accretion which may have considerable impacts on the hyrodynamics and ecology of estuaries, aquaculture, wild fisheries, tourism and recreation. There is particular concern about the impact of rice grass on the biodiversity and integrity of native saltmarsh and seagrass communities, migratory birds and...
pdf

Miloslavich 2010 Marine Biodiversity Caribbean PLoS ONE

...INEA), which is the focal point for the International Maritime Organization (IMO) organized the first regional workshop for the Caribbcan regarding ballast water control with the goal of establishing a plan of action. In this workshop, the situation of Venezuela, Bahamas, Colombia, Cuba, Panama, Suriname and the Netherlands was presented from a political perspective, and it was summarized in the report of the GloBallast program in Venczuela and the Caribbean, prepared by the INEA (http://globallast.imo.org/). In 2007, another regional workshop was carried out at the Harte Research Institute for Gulf PLoS ONE | www.plosone.org of Mexico Studies regarding Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean marine invasive species. This workshop had a more scientific focus and provided a list of key issues, prioritics and future directions for rescarch and management in the subject at the regional level [127]. A recent book edited by Rilov and Crooks [128] provides a detailed compilation and revision of several issues related to biological invasions in marine ecosystems in terms of conservation issues, vehicles, ecological understanding, and establishment of invaders, as well as discusses management and geographic perspectives. Many arcas have substantial information about invasive specics and processes (e.g. South Africa...
pdf

Reeflections Issue19 GBRMPA Feb1987

...boats, special W \s o S @ clothing, vehicle and camping units) < exceeds $6.5 billion e S £ Expenditure on recreational fishing ®\ and fishing-related equipment in 2 ) 1983/84 totalled $2.2 billion (not ‘0 including expenditure on fishing trip 1 accommodation and the like) 1 [ -/ e While collectively, fishers spend a 7 j i - Y4 lot of money on their activit, the ol recreation remains affordable to those of limited income. Fishing is attractive ® leave adult shells with scars and by the thin skin or ‘periostracum’ on the to and attainable by all income and breakages to breed live shells, occupy a similar habitat; a few occupation groups, and whereas species have the reputation of inflicting participation in most other outdoor For those who merely seek a reef souvenir activities declines with age, fishing the dead shell should suffice. A live shell fatal stings, so all should be treated with retains the interest of people as they get like all animals on the reef, has a role to caution. A surface trail on a sand bank older. In other words, the popularity of play in a very complex system. In may be a clue to...
pdf

Marine Turtle Newsletter 099 2003 Jan

...peer-reviewed scientific papers to abstracts from symposium proceedings and even articles in the popular press. Unfortunately little or no reference is made to some of the excellent overviews of marine turtle biology where chapters have been written by acknowledged experts and subject to at least some peer-review and editing. Perhaps there is a lesson to be learned there for other scientific journalists attempting to bring turtles into their work? I1I. The Empty Basin: This section covers an eclectic diversity of topics about the deep sea and its geology ranging from hydrothermal vents to tectonic plates. IV. Full Circle: “Fraying Edges” is a depressing catalogue of the diversity and magnitude of anthropogenic impacts on the sea provided on a case study basis: pollution, red tides, invasive species, the list goes on. “Landfall’ dips its toe into biogeography and then vulcanism and the geology of the Caribbean region. This leads us to a rather abrupt end. A point worthy of note regarding this section is that in describing Caribbean volcanoes she paints a dramatic picture of recent volcanic events on Montserrat which although Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 99, 2003 - Page 25 not incorrect, is not completely balanced. Upon reading this...
pdf

IOCARIBE News No17 1995 Caribbean Marine Coastal Research SeaLevel Ciguatera SandMining

...toxicus strain to produce crude algal extracts for the purification and characterization of toxins. Current culturing research is focused on manipulation of growth conditions (adjusting nutrients, temperature, light/dark cycles etc.) with the aim of increasing production of specific toxins7. Genetic research involves identifying genetic markers in known toxic strains to aid in screening for toxic isolates as well as for determining the presence of such strains in the wild 8. This research along with laboratory studies of toxin production, may lead to answers as to how, why and when the toxins are formed in natural populations. In addition, current studies focus on the molecular regulation of cell proliferation in ciguatera- associated dinoflagellates, which will yield insights into the factors which control the bloom of toxic speciess. The focus of chemistry research is to isolate, purify, and structurally characterize toxins produced from various strains of toxic algae. This work includes determination of molecular structure, structure vs. function relationships, determination of toxin purity, and providing analytical standards to the research community. In addition, there is emphasis on the development of analytical detection methods for these toxins using a suite of highly sophisticated instrumentation and techniques. Associated with the analytical detection methods...
Showing 1–50 of 81 results